The Presentation of Native Americans In Childrens...

The Presentation of Native Americans In Childrens Literature In the 1970s the seed of change began to grow in childrens literature. Because American Indians and knowledgeable cultural anthropologists became authors of childrens books, Native American people and culture is now being seen in a more true and distinguishing light. Literature is immensely important when it comes to learning. There are four areas of development that literature takes a huge part in. The first area is language development, which is very rapid during the preschool years, and becomes more refined as time passes. The second area is cognitive development, and there are basic operations as- sociated : (1)observing; (2)comparing; (3)classifying;†¦show more content†¦The real differences in the Native American culture may be ignored, while others, like violence and alcoholism are seen as their only cultural characteristics. Finally, their culture may be depicted as quaint or superficial, without depth or warmth.(Norton, 533) Native American ceremonies, artifacts and legends may be portrayed as foolish, and not seen as important or positive cultural traits. Any stereotype placed on a person or their culture is wrong and offensive. More literature is being written and illustrated by Native Americans and knowledgeable authorities today, then in the past. On an attached page I have included an annotated bibliography of Native American literature. This bibliography has been reviewed by professionals and declared good reading for children. Good reading for children needs to have a criteria that can be followed. The completion of this criteria will define the literature as positive reading material for children. The following criteria related to literature that represents Black Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans reflect the recommendations of the Childrens Literature Review Board, Anna Lee Stensland, and the Council on Interracial Books for Children.(Norton, 535) 1. Are Black, Native, Hispanic, and Asian Americans portrayed as unique individuals with their own thoughts, emotions, and philosophies,Show MoreRelated Perpetuation of Native American Stereotypes in Childrens Literature2176 Words   |  9 PagesPerpetuation of Native American Stereotypes in Childrens Literature Caution should be used when selecting books including Native Americans, due to the lasting images that books and pictures provide to children. This paper will examine the portrayal of Native Americans in childrens literature. I will discuss specific stereotypes that are present and should be avoided, as well as positive examples. 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Certainly, he moves us beyond the many ridiculous stereotypes of Native Americans, that they’re alcoholics and lazy, that they all live on reservations and receive special treatment from the government, that they’re all chanting medicine men waving rattles (or giant black dildos) in teepees while their child roams throughRead MoreOverview The Hero’s Adventure was created for the reflective professional struggling with2600 Words   |  11 Pagesage of seven, Joseph’s dad took him to a Wild West show and he became infascinated with the naked American Indian. From this point forward, he became consumed with Native American culture. Campbell was immersed in his Catholic rituals while being obsessed with Native Americans. By the time Campbell turned ten, he had consumed himself in every Native American book at his local library in the children’s section that he was admitted to read the adult books. Not long after he had read all of those asRead MoreIncorporating Family Involvement with Culturally Responsive Pedagogy for Chinese Americans in Elementary Schools2273 Words   |  10 Pagescultural class. Chinese families entrust their lives with their children’s education because they believe that success in people’s lives is attributed to high academic performance. This indicates that the re is a direct relationship between the family involvement and the Chinese students’ performance. Key Research Literature Language is one of the main factors regarding cultural diversity aspects that influence the education system in American schools. As a foreign student, I still remember a guest speakerRead MoreEmerging From The Restrictive Culture Of The 1950 S Essay1765 Words   |  8 Pagesmainstream society; they sought individual freedom and opportunities for self-determination. But their vision of the American dream widened the traditional definitions of freedom to include bodily, psychological, and political freedoms. 60’s counterculture disagreed with the capitalist, patriarchal, white supremacist foundation of American life and turned against the traditional ideas of american identity in rebellion, seeking freedom and coexistence in an increasingly confined and competitive society. Read MoreThe Effects of Advertising on Children33281 Words   |  134 Pages............................................................................... 9 CTS provisions ................................................................................................................................. 9 Children’s and preschool children’s programs ............................................................................. 9 All C and P programs must be classified by ACMA prior to broadcast. ...................................... 9 Advertising directed to children..

Historical Concepts Social Justice - 937 Words

Historical Concepts: Social Justice I decided to do option #1, on the critical thinking exercise. The question that was asked was, what I see as the concepts of social justice and criminal justice as being in harmony and/or in conflict. I see racial inequality being a major problem with the criminal justice system. Being African American or any minority in today’s world, is not in your favor. The reason I state this, is there is a lot of raciest in the justice system. There is crimes being committed by individuals exactly the same, but if an African American or minority commits the crime, it will be a longer, and harsher punishment. So why does this happen you might ask yourself? Well as stated in an article I found it states, â€Å"one of the most common scholarly explanations for persistent racial inequities in crime, punishment, and criminal justice is that they represent a continuation of the long history of exclusionary practices in the United States beginning with slav ery; continuing through the Jim Crow South, white flight, and race riots in northern ghettos; and culminating most recently in the prison state† (Miller, 2010). The reason that I believe that most minorities are treated different is because, most minorities live in poverty. For example look at some of the recent cases in history on a minority that has wealth. A great example is O.J. Simpson. This individual is African American, but isn’t living in poverty, and in my opinion got away with murder. HoweverShow MoreRelatedComparison and Analysis of Social Justice in the United States and India1266 Words   |  6 Pagesand Analysis of Social Justice in the United States and India Jessica M. 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Essay About Politics Free Essays

In Regeneration Pat Barker utilises the character of Burns as a way of presenting the extent to which the society have managed to damage the young soldiers. Burns is a fictional character used as an extreme case in Craiglockhart Hospital that presents the emotional destruction that all soldiers feel and further enhances the strain from society on Burns individually shown in the actions he uses to demonstrate a severe deterioration. It is clear that the war is continuously playing on the mind of Burns in this extract by the militaristic imagery he uses when describing, what to other members of society, would be simply a normal walk around. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay About Politics or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the bus journey first of all he describes the rattle of branches on the bus windows as sounding like ‘machine-gun fire’, which depicts the constant reminder he faces of the front line. The reaction of Burns trying not to be caught ‘crying out’ having heard these sounds suggests just how stressful being reminded of war in any way can be. Throughout this extract Burns also shows the discontent he feels and the struggle he faces to do the simplest of tasks such as walking up a hill. Barker refers to Burns’ struggle as ‘climbing the hill between trees’. The clever use of ‘climbing’ suggests the physical struggle he faces but also draws parallel with the feeling of climbing in and out of trenches on the western front that he formally faced, therefore hints at the idea that being reintegrated into British society was as much a â€Å"war† as it was when fighting on the western front. Again Pat Barker manages to show Burns facing the mirrored difficulties of war when he is ‘slipping and stumbling’ in ‘his mud-encumbered boots’ just like if he was in the harsh conditions of war. However we know that actually the ‘ploughed field’ he was walking through was nowhere near as difficult to travel through as in the western front which highlights how he has got far worse since returning which could possibly be due to the added pressure of society that he has been unable to adapt to life back home. Another key indicator that displays the pressure that has affected the character of Burns is the physical strains he faces. He depicts the discomfort with human contact so he ‘tensed, not liking the contact’ which indicates the disconnection he feels from society. Barker also further illustrates the dissatisfaction with life in general with his very pessimistic reflection on the day at the beginning. Looking at his room window he envisaged a ‘blurred landscape’ and the ‘sky and hills’ dissolved ‘together in a wash of grey’. The ‘grey’ and ‘blurred’ landscape that would have realistically have held much greater detail in rural Scotland- where Craiglockhart was located- shows the insignificance of the surrounding world for these struggling soldiers. These dull adjectives simply underline the feeling of being fed up that Burn would have felt having being withdrawn from war and now has understood that he no longer has much meaning in life due to the societal pressure forced upon him. The feeling of being fed up that Burns portrays is seen through his dislike for spending time with others in the ‘common room’. He describes the talk as ‘facetious tones’ describing how he does not care what people have to say as it does not wish to spend time socialising with others due to the domino effect that he feels alienated from society. The men appear to sit around the ‘common room’ and talk about ‘the war, the war, the war’ showing how annoyed he is that this is all people talk about. The repetition of ‘the’ shows that this was the single most important thing of the time and this has left Burns feeling annoyed that he would rather just disconnect himself from everyone instead of feel pigeonholed to only talk about such a distressful topic. As Billy Prior mentions later on in the novel this club ‘will be the club to end all clubs’ whereas Burns clearly does not comply with this. Physical strain on him. Paranoid- everything is against him. Possibly signs of disconnection from society leaving him emotionless. Conclusion. Print bibliography and photocopy extract. How to cite Essay About Politics, Essays

Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance Essay Example For Students

Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance Essay In the early 1900s, in order to be considered a legitimate art form, dance was expected to be graceful and beautiful, and because of this, ballet was the most accepted and appreciated dancing medium. At this time, in Allegheny City, lived a girl who dreamed of being a dancer. While worshiping Ruth St. Denis, Martha Graham bloomed into the Picasso of Dance, and initiated the modern dance movement. Through this movement, Martha Graham used her: attitude, theater, and unique technique, to rebel against the common traditions of dancing, and created a modern technique which transformed the realm of dance to represent more than just beauty. We will write a custom essay on Martha Graham The Picasso of Dance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Unlike other dancers, Graham did not care for what the critics approved of or what was expected of her, which helped establish her unpredictable reputation as a dancer. Using her irrational attitude to her advantage, she succeeded in creating a dance form that was real and not focused on projecting only beauty. In her autobiography, Graham described how when choosing whether to represent beauty or the eccentric nature of every woman, â€Å"in each character , played according to what she felt was the wild one† (Graham 58). This unconventional objective of hers was out of the ordinary, since more emphasis was placed on what was appealing to one’s eye. Graceful movements and elaborate costumes were used in order to enhance the beauty of ballet, and yet Graham’s distinct perspective on how modern dance should follow â€Å"modern painters and architects in discarding decorative essentials and fancy trimmings† in order to prove how â€Å" dance was not to be ‘pretty’ but much more real (Graham 120). For example, while working in the Greenwich Village Follies, Graham would never wear any type of revealing garment, because she truly believed as a dancer she will allow her work speak for itself since she â€Å" not a showgirl† (Graham 95). Her bold attitude towards the costumes she would wear whenever she danced with the Follies, created a more artistic feel to her dance, instead of relying on what would please the audience most to see the dancers in. Whether it is pure genius or the inclination to be wild, Graham inspired many of her dancers to embrace dismal clothing and forced their movements to paint a contemporary picture, which later became a form of art. Through her use of theater, Graham set the stage for dramatic movements that not only expressed various issues of the time, but also a powerful meaning in every gesture a dancer would form. With every ballet, Graham taught the audience a life lesson, using her essence of drama. In El Penitente, her ballet of 1940, she illustrated how every woman who â€Å"is worth anything† has three phases to her personality, which were the qualities of â€Å"being a virgin, of being the temptress-prostitute, of being the mother† (Graham 26). Whenever an audience would come to see Graham in her natural habitat, somehow a deeper meaning to the show was always evident. A huge impact was seen on the modern dance movement, since now dance was characterized as a form of art that allows symbolic or purposeful meanings behind every gesture. In this way, Graham became a triumphant figure in society by communicating her ideas of what women should be seen as, or even what she viewed real beauty as. Using her strict belief of how â€Å"dance is the foundation of theatre,† Graham would entice the audience to look past superficial beauty and see the truth behind rigid movements (Graham 106). In reference to the drama used in El Penitente, critics acclaimed how the â€Å"two-dimensional look of painted images, its shapes and colors reminiscent of work by Georgia O’Keeffe,† and how every dancer almost fit the image of a painted part of nature (Dunning 1). Graham’s use of theater was strange and unique because in most forms of dance at the time, dancers would stay away from two-dimensional shapes in order to create a ballet which would fill the stage completely and seem artistic (Dunning 1). .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .postImageUrl , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:visited , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:active { border:0!important; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:active , .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8185f1ffb4d1970cf5c598ddb8dbef5f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pablo Picasso "Girl with a Mandolin"- Cubism Movement EssayThe modern dance movement was positively impacted by Graham’s theater skills to give every performance another meaning besides superficial beauty. Graham created her own technique, which is specific to modern dance choreography and is the foundation of the modern dance movement. In order to properly become attuned to the muscles in her body, Graham created the shifting of a dancer’s weight as a prime technique all modern dancers needed to master. As described by Graham herself, the technique â€Å"would later evolve the weight is shifted in the strange animal way that is not ballet but contemporary dance,† which at first was very foreign to all dancer who would attempt such a strategy (Graham 104). Upon hearing of such a technique, even George Balanchine had stated how Graham created her own â€Å"classical technique,† which is very important to modern dance since this weight shifting technique allows dancers to tap into the nature of their bodies and become one with nature, in a sense (Graham 104). Using her momentum, Graham would use physics and anatomy to her advantage whenever she choreographed any performances. Graham impacted the modern dance movement greatly because she created a different technique in which dancers still use even today, especially in contemporary dances. Through the shifting of weight, Graham successfully paved the way for dancers to use real movement to create a contemporary dance style. In conclusion, Graham always was able to leave the audience in awe of her brilliance whenever she performed. Her choreography created the modern dance movement, and allowed dancers to explore areas of dance which were alien to them. Through her: attitude, theater, and technique, Graham really made a difference to the dancing realm and became an inspiration for countless years to come. Due to Graham’s accomplishments, people of the time began to alter their perception of dance to reflect not only how dance can be beautiful, but also how modern dance is a form of art. Bibliography: 1. Dunning, Jennifer. Dance: El Penitente, By Graham. New York Times 5 June 1986, n. pag. http://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/05/arts/dance-el-penitente-by-graham.html. 15 Sep. 2013. 2. Graham, Martha. Blood Memory. Doubleday, 1991. print.